Barn and other building



July l, 1930. F. H. RlcHmms 1,763,351

v BARN AND OTHER BUILDING Filed Feb. 10, 1927 5 ShtS-Shli 1 www July 1, 1930'.

F. H. RICHARDS BARN AND OTHER BUILDING Filed Feb, 1o. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 July l', 1930, F'.. H. RICHARDS BARN AND OTHER BUILDING 'Filed Feb. 1o, 1927 5 sheets-sheetV 3 July 1, 1930.

F. |41. RICHARDS BARN AND OTHER BUILDING Filed Feb. 1o, 1927 5 sheets-sheet 4 A- Jfy l, `1930. v F. H. RICHARDS .1,768,851 I BARN AND OTHER BUILDING l Filed Feb. 10, 1927 K s sheetS-sheetf 5 Patented duly l, i913@ ars-ar er BAR AND STEER BELDING Application filed February 10, 1927. Serial No. 167,18.

lllany of the features of this invention are applicable to the =Gothic type oi bar in general the objects of the invention are to provi-de a strong, sturdy structure adapted to withstand external wind pressure and so constructed as to eliminate to a great degree the bulging pressure of crops such as hay, ete., stored in hulk in thebarn; to provide for thorough ventilation in all conditions or" climate and temperature without permitting the entrance of rain, etc.; to provide a ridge structure whichwilly enable a plurality of track-hangers to be provided to thereby permit proper distribution of the crops within the barn and also to shorten the time of storing .the crops; and to `generally improve and ysimplify the structure to the end that the cost or" materials as well as labor shall be reduced to a minimum, as more fully hereinafter' set forth.

ln the drawings Fig. l is a vertical transverse sectional View of a barn constructed in accordance v, ith my invention; f

Figs. la to l5, inclusive, illustrate details ot eenstruetion hereinafter particularly described.

Referring to the drawings annexed by reiterence-characters,2O designates the archbeams, each acent pair of which forms a Gothic arch, a suitable ridge-pole structure hereinaiter described being employed at the upper, abutting ends of beams; As many oi these arch-beams Vare employed ugth the barn. requires. Each 2l A s foundatioaenas are supported on a s 3 e. foundation 22, the adjoining ends of posts and the arch-beams being fastened together by side-plates 23. The posts 2l enf. the arch-beams 2O are desirably a space between, the memsurfaces of the arch-beams, these upper ends and secured together in 'ay being rigidly fastened to the arch-beams by means of a tongue-beam 25 passino between themembers oi' the truss 2a and extending up into the space between the arch-beams, these tongue-beams being fastened to plates between the members ci the arch-beams by suitable nailsor bolts. The lower ends oi the truss-beams 2i# as kwell as the lower ends of the posts 2l are bolted to a bar 26 which is anchored to thefoundati'on 22. The truss is further fastened and braced to the posts, at intervals, between the barn-iioor-joists 27 and the connection with the arch-beams by mea-ns of horizontal braces 28 bolted in spaces between the members ofthe posts and the trusses. Further bracing is accomplished by the oblique braces 29 extending between the trusses and the posts as well as between the trusses and the arclrbeams. Radial braces 30 extend between the trusses and the arch-beams, to thereby complete a rigid bracing structure between. each trussbeam and its companion arch structure.

The loor-joists 27 rest on sills 3l and the end of every other oist, as shown in Fig. '1.47, is extended to'form a support for the lower-V most horizontal girt 32, this girtbeing there by set away from thesill 3l to thereby form open spacesV for the upward entrance of Ventilating air. The outer ends of the horizontal braces 28' are extended beyond the posts 2l to form supports for the additional horizontal girts d2,l to which the outer wall-sheathing 33 is attached, the lower edge of thissheathing depending to a point below the lowermost girt 32 in order to insure against rain beating into the Ventilatingopenings between the ends of the jo-ists.

Nailed to the inner edges' of the girts 32 is a series ot upright crib-slats Btfwhioh serve tok receive the thrust of the crops, such as hay, etc., stored on the floor in bulk. The girts increase in width upwardly, eachfsucceeding girt ybeing a little wider than the next lower one, to thereby insure an upward, inward inclination to the crib-slats. Y ln each corner formed by the post structure andthe wall of the barn is placed one of these crib'- slats, inclined in theY same manner as the other crib-slats. This, inclination is obtained by securing the corner crib-slats to the inner edge of diagonal braces extending from the braces 28 to the girts, their ands being firmly nailed to said braces and to said girts and their intermediate edges being notched at 36 to receive the adjacent corners of the wall-posts 21. The uppermost diagonal members 35, being positloned just above the upper ends of the posts 21, will have theirnotches engaged in the adjacent corners of the arch-beams 20, at their extreme lower ends. This downward inclination of the crib-slats, together with the downward inclination of the truss-posts 24 insures against undue outward bulging strains on the wall structure of the barn by reason of the mass of hay, etc. stored in lthe barn bulging outwardly against the wall structure as the mass settles down in time. With theusual construction now in use, as the mass of hay, alfalfa,wheat in bundles, vines, or whatever crops are stored in bulk on the Hoor of the barn, settles down inftime, it bulges outwardly against the walls of the barn and subjects the walls to extreme bulging strains; I do away with this bulging strain by the arrangement of cribslats described, which arrangement insures the mass being compacted centrally to thus prevent it bulging outwardly toward. its

ase. Y

The braces 35 are further advantageous in `that they solidly brace the wall structure against wind pressure, being assisted, of course, not only by the truss-posts 24 but also by the plurality of girts 32. This resistance to wind pressure is further augmented by extending the lower ends of the posts 21 and the truss-posts 24 to a point beow the floor-joists 27 and the bolting of thesemembers to said joists, and, still further, by the horizontal braces 28 as well as the diagonal braces 29, this structure providing a wall structure which is so rigid that it may be made of beams and bars of minimum dimensions.

. It will be observed in Fig. 13 that the adjoining ends of the girts are overlapped on the horizontal braces 28, theiroverlapping ends being suitably scarfed or notched out to fit. Instead of fastening the laminated lower ends of the arch-beams 2O to the ts21 by means of overlapping plates 23, may, as shown in Fig. 12, step these ends into the stepped upper ends of the posts 21.

,It Willvbe understood also that the slats composing the laminated arch-beams will be so arranged as to break the joints, to thus inner-the necessary strength to these arch- I prefer the use of laminated or bu'lt-`- arch-beams because I am thereby j to employ less expensive lumber in .constructing these beams.

The ridge-pole structure consists of short beams 38, one of'which is fastened between the upper ends of each pair of arch-beams 20, keystone fashion, this beam being nailed to the abutting ends of the arch-beams in an suitable manner, preferably during the budding-up of the laminated arch-beams. Each arch structure, including its pair of arch-beams 20 and its posts 21 with its truss structure, is put together on the ground and thereafter swung up into upright position with the lower ends of the structure serving as pivots. The adjacent projecting ends of the coupling beams 38 are connected together by a double ridge-beam 39, the ends of the two members being clamped to the opposite sides of the projecting ends of beam 38 by means of bolts. This leaves a space between the two members 39 extending from one of the coupling pieces 38 to the other; for purposes of bracing the two members 39 one or more spacing-blocks 4() may be bolted between the members. lVhen thus constructed, it will be observed that the members 39 and 38 constitute a continuous ridgebeam extending the full length of the barn. The ends of the beams 39 are notched out to fit over upon the upper surface of the arch members 20-20, the adjacent ends of pairs of the beams 39 coming practically into abutting relation on the central line of each arch. The upper edges of the beams 38, 39 extend above the upper surfaces of the arch members 20 so that when the roof rafters 41 are fastened in place, with their upper ends upon the top edges of the beams 23S-39, there will be ample Ventilating space between the arch members and the roof.

In erecting the ridge-bcams, thc dou-ble beams 39. properly fastened together through the medium of the spacing-blocks 40, are elevated to the top of the barn and ut into place and bolted to the members 38 after the arches are positioned` it being contemplated that the arches will be held in proper relation to each other by temporary means until the ridge-beams are permanently bolted into place.

To further strengthen thc ridge structure, I fasten upon the opposite sides of the members 20 the horizontal braces 42, arranged close under the projecting ends of the coupling-beams 38, and, to still further brace the ridge structure. I fasten between the upper ends of the arch members 2() approximatelytriangular filler-blocks 43 and also a horizontal beam 44 which extends from one arch member to the other, underneath the coupling-beam 38, in parallelism with the braces 42. the outer ends of these beams 4.4 being provided with upstanding shoulders 45 against which the longitudinal roof-joiss 46 rest. The remainder of the roof-joists 46 are supported by and fastened to blocks `47 bolted between the members 20 and prosuiiiciently far to form.

jecting thereabovc The usual exterior a support for the joists.

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roof-covering is fastened to the rafters 4c and itV extends downwardly f enough to overlap the upper ends of l side-s` eathing 33, the lower' edges of the covering sheet' or members being supported upon and attached torsuit'able downwardly-andoutwardlyprojecting eavesearns 48 whose upper, inner ends are fastened to the rafters lt will be observed that several of the outi ily-projecting blocks are in the forni of extensions of the bracebeains 30. i l

Que object in making the inain partof the u'dge structure of companion beams 39 with a vertical space between is that it aff -os a convenient and very etl'ective facility f attaching' the rods #i9 of the central t l anger to the ridge structure, ti r s being passed upwardly between the vid being anchored therebetween in a suitable manner. lilith this structure.,

ne anger-rods may be readily spaced at uit-able inteals along the ridge structure fter die barn les nie to provide l very Convenientanged either side of I make these hangtl'ie saine nianof two seply, one being the oentralridee -1 vw" 1^. T l elated oeains 50, as shown par icularly in ,.s K', .13 s 7.a Y

il a d l0, uno-ie ends .le clamped fsm. 1.10 'wie 'e Luecfn GL bile piOjLotailg g-beain 5l whiehrests upon arch-members 2G', arch-members se 20. each archanein- Y en iig "l'owr verse position Y. nieinbers V and ineinbers 50 inay be eachother by inea-ns of spacing-blocks siniilar to thev blocks l0 in the inain ridge-beanL lt will be observed that these two supple* niental track-hanging beanis niay le read l The separated raced with respect to kut in place arter the arches are erected and connected up by the ridge-beam, The hanger-rods these-suppleine tel. hangerbeams are'put in position in the saine inanner as they are. in the'niain ridge-beam, By

thus providing` a plurality of tra lrs for the loadingand unloading' devices, it will be observed that theV crops niay be distributed within the barn in the niost advantageous way and also may be remover refrein in the most economical,Ynianner.'

The crib sections of the side wall may be braced in any suitable manner by means of diagonal braces 55, showninFig. 2. .The

end-walls Vof my barn may be constructed on either Y sid.

of the end-wall extendingfroin the ridgebeam to the foundation 22. A vertical wallpost 56 extends from the foundation to the arch-n1enibers 20, and this post is braced to the arch-beams by nieans of a brace-beam 57 whose upper end is connected to the ridge-beam. This brace or truss 57 inclined upwardly and inwardly so as to thereby not only brace the end-wall structure, but to also prevent pressure of the hay or other mow bulging the end-wall structure. This bracing-post 57 is connected to the wall-post 56 at intervals by horizontalbrace-beanie 58 which arein turn braced with respect to each other by a suitable number of diagonal braces 59. The outer end of the horizontal beains 58 project beyond the wallpost 56 so as to afford a support for the overlapping ends of the girts 60, which girts in turn afford a support for the end-wallsheathing 61. Ventilating-windows 63 may be placed lat any suitable place in the endwall. This manner of arranging the girts 60 and the sheathing 61 affords ventilation at the end of the barn in the saine Ina-nner as the side-wall-sheathing affords ventila* tion at the sides of the barn, the lowerniost girt 60 being fastened to the ends of the lowerniost brace 59 in the same manner as `he lowerinost girt 32 is fastened to the ends of the floor-joists 27 for the side-walls. The extreme ends of the ridge-beam 39 are extended beyond the endwall, as shown in Fig. l5, toV enable the roof-sheathing to-be carried out beyond the end-wall. Also the ends of the roof-joists 46, as shown in Fig. 2, are similarly extended to receive one or more of the roof-rafters 41. These projecting ends -of the ridge-beain and the roofrafters afford convenient supports .or hangers for use in the usual swinging apparatus that painters use in painting the walls. Diagonal braces 62, similar to the' braces 35, may be used to bra-ce the horizontal braces 5S with respect to the girts 60. I have shown but one of these end-wall-posts adapted to be arranged at the center of the end-wall structure, but it will be understood that in those cases Where a central door is to be provided in the end ofthe barn, one of these structures will be arranged at each side of the center of the barn. Desrably, the beains 39 will be provided with sockets 63 in their opposite faces for the reception of ae upper ends of those arch-members 20 which 4are loca-ted at the ends of the barn. The rp`ost'56 is desirably inade of two beams, asis also ythe brace-post 57, so that the ends of the braces 58 and 59'1nay be solidly bolted therebetween. l s

Any suitable Ventilating-outlets may be provided "at thetop of the barn; for in- Fal! Tab

stance, ventilatin Y-windows 63', as shown in Fig. 1 qin dotte lines, may be employed. It will be noted that lthe end-wall, shown particularly in Fig. 15, is provided with crib-slats 34, the girts 60 being increased in 'width progressively upwardly in order to give these slats the desired inclination. In viewof the length of these end-wall cribslats EM, the girts 60 toward the top of the barn need to be of considerable width and, therefore, in order to avoid the use of timbers of this eat width, I piece-out upper girts y means of extension-pieces 64 fastened to the girt in V-shape form, as shown in Fig. 15", the slat being fastened to the inner overlapped ends of these pieces 64. Another advantage of the use of the inclined brace 57, reaching to the top of the barn, is that it will be in position to act as a bumper or fender in case the loading sling is run back too far, thus avoiding in'uryto the end-wall of the barn.

lIn order to take the shearing-strain off the bolts that fasten the horizontal braces 28 to the wallosts 21, I fasten between the outer edges o the post-members 21 shortintermediate posts or filling-pieces 6G whose upper ends abut against the under edges of the braces 28 and whose lower edges rest upon the upper faces thereof. In addition to stre hening the ridge-beam structure, the bloc 40, as particularly shown in Fig. 2, both in the main ridge-bearn and the hanger-beams 50 may be so placed as to serve as abutments for the track-hangerrods 4:0, thus preventing these rods from swayin or sliding on the beam. It will be observe that the crib-slats 34, in addition to functioning as heretofore set forth, scrve also to tie the irts together and thus prevent sagging of; the girts, it being obvious that it is important that the lower ends of the crib-slats shall be supported on the floor or other substantial part of the barn structure.

It will be observed also that my manner of supporting the roof proper (consisting of the roof-joists 46, rafters 41 and whatever roof-covering is employed) upon the projecting ends 47 throws practically the entire" welght of the roof proper upon the archmembers 20, thereby relieving the sidewalls (consistin of the girts 32, sheathing 33, etc.) from the excessive crushing strain that would result if the roof proper were sugpgrted on said wall structure.

at I claim as new is: 1. A building embodying a series of arch structures, each constructed of a pair of arch-members, a pair of wall-posts supporting the arch-members,` a pair of braces each extending from the base of one post to a point on the adjacent arch-member, where itn is secured to the arch-member, and lateral braces extending from each of said braces to these` the adjacent wall-post and the adjacent part of the arch-member, said lateral braces extending beyond the post and arch-member to afford supports for the exterior wall and roof members embodying longitudinal beams restin on said extensions.

2. building embodying a series of arch structures, each constructed of a pair of arch-members and a pair of wall-posts, floorjoists attached to the wall-posts, the ends of a plurality of said joists extending beyond the posts, lateral braces attached to the posts and similarly extending beyond the outer sides of the posts, girts fastened to said projecting endsof the braces and the joists, and external wall-boards or sheathing fastened to said girts.

3. A barn embodying a series of arch structures, each constructed of a pair of archmembers and a pair of wall-posts, floorjoists attached to the wall-posts, the ends of a plurality of said joists extending beyond the posts, lateral braces attached to the posts and similarly extending beyond the outer sides of the posts, girts fastened to said projecting ends of the braces and the joists, and external wall-boards or sheathing fastened to said girts, said girts increasing in width successively upwardly and having fastened to their inner edges a plurality of crib-slats which incline upwardly and inwardly,

4. A barn embodying a series of arch structures, each constructed of a pair of arch-members and a pair of wall-posts, floorjoists attached to the wall-posts, the ends of a `pluralit of said joists extending beyond the posts, ateral braces attached to the posts and similarly extendin beyond the outer sides of the posts, 'girts astened to said projecting ends of the braces and the joists, external wall-boards or sheathing fastened to said girts, said girts increasing in width successively upwardly and havin fastened to their inner edges a plurality o crib-slats f which incline upwardly and inwardly, and diagonal braces extendlng from said lateral braces to said girts and having fastened to their inner edges crib-slats which incline similarly to the aforesaid crib-slats.

5. A barn embodying a series of arch structures, each constructed of a pair of arch-members and a air of wall-posts, floorjoists attached to t e wall-posts, the ends of a plurality of said joists extending beyond the posts, lateral braces attached to the posts and similarly extending beyond the outer sides of the posts, girts fastened to said projecting ends of the braces and the joists, external wall-boards or sheathing fastened 'to said girts, said girts increasing in width successively upwardly and having fastened to their inner edges a plurality of crib-slats which incline upwardly and inwardly, and diagonal braces extending from said lateral braces to said girts and having fastened to their inner edges crib-slats which incline similarly to the aforesaid crib-slats, said diagonal braces increasing in length successively upwardly and each being notched to fit over` the adjacent corners of the wall-posts.

6. An arch structure for a building embodying two arch-beams, each of which is constructed of a pair of separated members, each member being built up of a plurality of slats laminee fashion, outwardly-and-upwardly-projecting blocks fastened between said laminated members, joists mounted on the projecting ends of said blocks, and roofsupporting rafters supported on said joists.

7. An arch structure for buildings embodying two arch-members having fastened between their upper, apen ends a couplingbeam projecting laterally from the archmembers, and beams connecting the archmembers and lying under said projecting ends of the coupling-beam.

8. A barn embodying a plurality of arch structures, each embodying a pair of archmembers, a coupling-beam inserted between the upper ends of the warch-members and secured to the arch-members, the ends of this coupling-beam projecting laterally from the arches, and a pair of ridge-beam-members connecting the adjacent projecting ends of said coupling-members, these ridge-beammembers being separated from each other to leave a space for the traclr-hanger-rods.

9. A barn embodying a series of arch structures, each consisting of a pair of archbeams having anchored between their upper ends a coupling-beam whose ends project laterally from the arch-members and whose upper edge projects above the archmembers, braces connecting the arch-inembers at a point below said coupling-member, and a pair of ridge-beam-members connecting the projecting ends of the couplingmembers, the ends of these ridge-beammembers being notched to lit over the adjacent corners of the arch-members, these ridgebeam-members being separated from each other to provide an elongated slot or space for the traolr-hanger-rods.

l0. A barn having an end-wall embodying a post extending from the foundation to the ridge-beam structure, a brace-post or beam extending from the base of said Ypost upwardly and inwardly and having its upper end attached to said ridge-beam structure, and lateral braces connecting said inclined members to said post at intervals.

ll. A barn having attached to the inner face of its wall a plurality of horizontal girts increasing in width successively upwardly, and crib-slats fastened to the inner edges of said girts, these slats inclining upwardly and inwardly and having their lower ends supported on the floor structure of the barn.

l2. A building embodying a series of Gothic arches and posts supporting said arches, said arches being each made of a pair of spaced beams, projecting members fastened at intervals between said beams and projecting outwardly and upwardly from the outer surfaces of the arch-members, and a roof structure embodying horizontal joists resting upon the upper faces of said projections.

13. A building embodying a plurality of separated arches attached to and mounted upon a corresponding plurality of wall posts, each arch member being braced to its supporting wall-post by means of an upwardly and inwardly inclined bracing post, lateral braces connecting these inclined posts and arch members and wall posts and extending beyond the outer surface thereof, a plurality of roof members connecting said arch structures and resting upon said projecting ends of the braces, a plurality of arched rafters mounted upon said longitudinal members to afford a support for the roof covering, and wall sheathing fastened to the longitudinal members that are supported on the wall posts.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

FRANCIS H. RICHARDS. 

